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Assyrian conquest of Elam
The Assyrian conquest of Elam refers to the conquest of the Elamite Kingdom in western Persia by the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911 BC-609 BC). The Elamites were completely annihilated in 639 BC when their lands were finally ravaged beyond repair.
==Background==
Clashes between the Elamites and the Assyrians had been ongoing for many years prior to 721 BC, the first recorded conflict between Elamites and Assyrians. For many centuries before that the Elamites had made it a habit of intervening in Babylonian politics. Naturally this would have placed them in conflict with the Assyrians who saw Babylon as within their sphere of influence. In 721 BC, the Babylonians rebelled against Assyria and Elamite forces attempted to aid Babylon in her revolt. Following this event, the Assyrians and Elamites clashed on numerous occasions; at the Tigris in 717 BC, along the Elamite coast as part of an amphibious invasion in 694 BC, at the province of Der and again at the River Diyala in 693 BC (this may have been the same battle). For the most part, these battles were bloody and inconclusive - though the Assyrians were able to obtain the upper hand for the most part, demonstrated by the failure of the Elamites to extend their power beyond the boundaries of Mesopotamia. After a failed attack on Babylon in 655 BC, Elamite power soon began to collapse - at the river of Ulai in the plain of Susa, an Assyrian army assaulted strong Elamite defensive positions. The Elamites were soundly beaten and the Elamite King himself beheaded whilst attempting to flee in his chariot. Although another Babylonian revolt saved Elam from immediate invasion, it would remain one of the most important objectives in the mind of the next and last Great Assyrian King; Assurbanipal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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